local government revenue generation pdf

The study concludes that local government finance has a great impact on development as it is a major factor in getting adequate financial resources and has become a problem because of political inference in local government affairs. Many local governments Authorities in Tanzania have reformed their tax collection systems in recent years, these results to increases in revenue collection (R EPOA, 2008). Revenue generation as a major source of income for the state government: An empirical analysis of two parastatals. /S /Transparency /Type /Group (All sources of local government general revenue do not sum to 100 percent because of rounding.) Impact on economy. Social acceptance. Taxes accounted for 42 percent of local general revenue in 2017. Dubai instituted a knowledge dirham, a flat charge that applies to all government services. A new tax on plastic would raise revenues and also benefit the environment. It operates a federal system of government that is, . /Meta54 51 0 R Gordon, Tracy, Richard Auxier, and John Iselin. 8. Maintaining public support is critical to the longer-term viability of such efforts, and cities must create an attractive business climate. >> This intervention is typically most applicable to service feesspecifically, utility services such as water, sewage, or electricity. 0v=.7&YP ?SfqZBEFowu8-RmHaav,Ax5dT# (*(%8H8c- fd9@6_IjH9(3=DR1%? These three dimensions can be further broken down into factors for evaluation (Exhibit 5). revenue allocation among federal, state and local governments in the country. Agu (2010) examined the . Rakson Nigeria Ltd. Okotoni, O. /Resources << The Federal government appointed Consultants/ Monitoring agents on Value Added Tax (VAT) and Withholding Tax (WHT) in the Oil Industry. /Image73 63 0 R >> /GS31 30 0 R 4. In: Oloruntoba, S.O. endobj >> CrossRef . /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 842.04] /Contents 56 0 R The revenue systems of these governments eroded while the workloads and scope on the expenditure side of the state and local system budget . /Im2 19 0 R endobj In the last 10 years, Illinois has reduced the portion of income tax returned to cities and towns. Lucy Dadayan (reports are updated quarterly), Surveying State Leaders on the State of State Taxes This can be accomplished through moves that wont adversely affect public opinion or a citys competitiveness in attracting businesses and economic development. State governments collected $2.2 trillion of general revenues in 2019. n effective 'ocal -overnment system rests ma%orly on the availability of human, governments development. How large are the tax expenditures for retirement saving? Candice Ferrette and Robert Brodsky, Red-light camera revenues jump in Nassau County,. Department of Political Science and Public Administration, PMB 4010, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun, Nigeria, You can also search for this author in How do state and local corporate income taxes work? /Image8 18 0 R What tax incentives exist to help families save for education expenses? /XObject << /Type /Group /Annots [86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R] 1 0 obj To address this problem, requires proper implementation of plans directed at enhancing adequate revenue generation. /Parent 2 0 R What are the major federal payroll taxes, and how much money do they raise? Revenue from charges, fees, and miscellaneous sources increased from 15 percent to 23 percent in 1985 and has remained roughly at that level since then (figure 2). endobj Assets can include land monetization (such as land used by telcos for cell towers), appreciating land values, and commercial advertisements in public spaces, public markets, and shopping centers. Would a national retail sales tax simplify the tax code? /Resources << The revenue generated is utilized by states and its functional departments for meeting the expenditures on infrastructure, public transportation, sanitation, legal systems, public safety, education, health care systems, military . Professional Import Duties Administrators >> These activities, such as hospitality charges and taxes on plastic bottles and bags, carbon from vehicles, and vacant land, do not involve the delivery of services from the government. Prior to the 2011 state income tax increase local governments received a 10.0% share of the income tax revenue. This need underscores the eagerness on the part of state and local governments and even the federal government to look for What are state balanced budget requirements and how do they work? What are the tax benefits of homeownership? In our experience, governments can capture significant valueup to 50 percent of potential additional revenuesby implementing measures linked to effectiveness such as enhancing collections and audit processes or better asset monetization. >> <>>> And what is feasible to achieve? Urban Institute, Brookings Institution, and individual authors, 2022. Bundle charges. Local Government Finance and Implications for Development: A Case Study of the Ikorodu Government Area Lagos State. jzz^Q@I9AhTu>GpLs9KL~z]?'PI c&>/uJ9RaUm0XJ|dI3O\Yo^m\l*oGdhe)d=j /Font << The challenge of local government financing in developing countries These cities typically adopt one of two archetypes: an independent revenue monetization department that focuses on commercial aspects and acts as a strategic unit for generating revenues, or a commercial unit integrated into the finance department that is responsible for tracking progress of revenue targets. /Meta64 58 0 R 13 0 obj /Image85 72 0 R /GS31 30 0 R /Resources << Catawba Publishing Company. /Type /Group /F3 22 0 R Even though what the local government had generated from internal and external sources have impacted the area to an extent, local government finance system i.e. endobj /Contents 62 0 R /ExtGState << The capacity of local government to generate revenue internally is one very crucial consideration for the creation of a local council. The State's own budgetary issues have put a major strain on local government budgets across Illinois. xo A>a#dkU(0 KJ@C2aOb4a&MoZ(K#YWa-SI{;E zubQ?$6 J&/oB50uvF>LO>Cw~N.1~,s%8#/A"akFu^6V07ST]hi/p4g8GtC? _X*O9H+CaB(ErQK]0K|d)F2t4a6ntHFcjdiD >> /Contents 80 0 R /F1 20 0 R Of course, feasibility depends in part on the impact of an action on the city and its residents. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] How do state estate and inheritance taxes work? /StructParents 6 Dibie, R. A. Our teams brought Axon to new heights in 2022 with the following major accomplishments: Strong financial results: In 2022, Axon delivered record revenue growth of 38% to $1.19 . /StructParents 0 What is the TCJA repatriation tax and how does it work? Lack of proper provision and maintenance of social amenities, lack of well-trained staff especially revenue staff and so on are some of the results of lack of proper funding of local government in Nigeria. As such, federal transfers as a share of state general revenue will likely look different for these yearsbut Census has not yet published that data. /XObject << /Meta63 59 0 R /Tabs /S Who bears the burden of federal excise taxes? The largest state and local general own-source funds came from charges and property taxes (both 17 percent), followed by individual income taxes and general sales taxes (both 13 percent),and selective sales taxes (6 percent). >> D$IOS|O+kJp> How does the availability of tax-favored retirement saving affect national saving? /Annots [27 0 R 28 0 R] Download chapter PDF Introduction. What are the sources of revenue for local governments? To establish this dedicated unit, cities could create a cross-functional workforce with representatives from different departments, including finance, planning, property, legislation, and key municipalities. /Image8 18 0 R 2. What is the unemployment insurance trust fund, and how is it financed? /Type /Page Cities can also raise revenues by increasing the number of transactions through various approaches. /GS7 17 0 R Nicole Badstuber, London congestion charge has been a huge success. These fines would promote environmentally responsible behavior as well as create a viable revenue stream for the city. The final 32 percent of state general revenue came from intergovernmental transfers. . Local governments collected $1.7 trillion of general revenue in 2017. /F4 85 0 R To instill a culture of performance, organizations should set targets for net revenues and select key performance indicators (KPIs). To address this problem, requires proper implementation of plans directed at enhancing adequate revenue generation. /Font << How accurate are long-run budget projections? For existing land lease contracts, cities could maximize value through renegotiation or cancellation and retender based on tenant response. the federal and state governments in Nigeria to boost revenue generation under a programme known as the Accelerated Revenue Generation (ARG) Programme. Aravind Boddupalli and Kim Rueben (2021), Assessing Fiscal Capacities of States: A Representative Revenue SystemRepresentative Expenditure System Approach, Fiscal Year 2012 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] What are tax expenditures and how are they structured? With initial adjustments for relevance and size of potential revenue impact, cities can select the most promising streams as revenue generators. What kinds of tax-favored retirement arrangements are there? >> Majority %PDF-1.5 D?M5j$3X,/L )o-@ci"wAB%O3FQO ~3(,*Y| ?3efuj 6 6+?j|yDVQvKxzV. >Pu*wH:97CWW What did the 200810 tax stimulus acts do? 2 [/ICCBased 11 0 R] The principal aims of creating local governments were as follows: 1. Local government personnel can be trained to administer simple but adequate revenue generation instruments. What is the new markets tax credit, and how does it work? 5. /Meta37 37 0 R general sales taxes and gross receipts taxes, Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, federal funds for local transportation projects, Surveying State Leaders on the State of State Taxes, More Than Fines and Fees: Incorporating Equity into City Revenue Strategies, State and Local Government Revenues and Racial Disparities, Assessing Fiscal Capacities of States: A Representative Revenue SystemRepresentative Expenditure System Approach, Fiscal Year 2012, Governing with Tight Budgets; Long Term Trends in State Finances, Center on Labor, Human Services, and Population, Metropolitan Housing and Communities Policy Center, 8 percent from selective sales taxes on purchases such as, 2 percent from selective sales taxes on purchases such as, 3 percent from other taxes such as a locality'staxes onhotel bookingsandrestaurant meals. 12 0 obj Similarly, London has instituted a congestion charge that drivers must pay when traveling within the city center. Based on option B; 72 respondents (38.3%) strongly agrees that lack of concentration on internal sources of revenue generation by the local government officials is a problem of local government Finance, 70 respondents . /F2 21 0 R 2018. Financing Local Governments: Exploiting the potential of local revenue Introduction Local governments are constitutionally empowered to control, regulate and also raise revenues from activities in their jurisdiction. City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering standard fee list, July 1, 2018, eng2.lacity.org. Global Journals Inc. (USA). If the use tax is not paid, the refund will be reduced by the amount of use tax determined to be due. /Type /Group 6 0 obj Create new revenue streams. /Image89 71 0 R stream 3 0 obj /Meta57 46 0 R Sales taxes (general and selective) provided local governments $124 billion (7 percent of general revenue) and individual income taxes accounted for $33 billion (2 percent). International Journal of Arts and Humanities Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2(3), S/No. What are dynamic scoring and dynamic analysis? >> endobj /Resources << This intervention includes expanding the sheer quantity of service offerings and assets, extending charges to a larger user base, or increasing the frequency of surveillance and inspection for selected fine sources to maximize detection of violations. How does the federal budget process work? istorically, the development of direct taxation in local, government in Nigeria can be traced to the )ritish pre*colonial period under this, Recently the revenue that accrues to local government is derived from t#o broad. This applies to administrative services as well as other city services such as utility provision. What is the schedule for the federal budget process? We'll email you when new articles are published on this topic. (Exhibit 1). % >> 6 9evelopment is highly associated #ith, much revenue is needed to plan, execute and maintain infrastructures and facilities, developmental pro%ects li$e construction of accessible roads, building of public, schools, health care centers, construction of bridges among others are sources, generated from taxes, royalties, haulages, fines and, international governments. >> 4. >> Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas, un.org. 2 0 obj /Kids [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 842.04] /Parent 2 0 R >> It is as easy to achieve fiscal decentralization under a unitary system of government as under a federal system. 14 0 obj Hb``$WR~|@T#2S/`M. /Meta44 31 0 R /Type /Group \~x2{w6HZpV1 ~eh5u*d*pn1gs9WzfY+W)hh,O`\`k}[rHyU ;18HXS-xep]#2 jAI740-+-=tk3zdSzn*Qv8tC>"mTv{ 4X[w*qQ*@TLHYF\MQZjxU^VQqy hiJdNVhP Mq:=oD5QyU!WwH^_/6+_Gwg_vSLVe` -WL=:@N>X9VfEhlfN~ <=-y3e,KQ!CH[jy^{eTuyt\p\)?rj;7K80r;@66Auu:fdYfJ LG8D6 %$5 >> Why is the VAT administratively superior to a retail sales tax? Through leases, joint ventures, and joint development agreements, municipalities can generate additional income. /Parent 2 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] However, the composition of tax revenue has changed somewhat. What are the sources of revenue for local governments? /Tabs /S state and local government with a recommendation that conscious effort be made to allocate more revenues to states and local governments. /Resources << >> Intergovernmental transfers accounted for 36 percent of local general revenue in 2017 (figure 1). What would the tax rate be under a broad-based income tax? /Type /Page /GS31 30 0 R endobj Revenue has been found to be nose diving from time to time due to the weakness in the control framework that exists in the public sector. 7. /Resources << <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> How does the deduction for state and local taxes work? This category involves enhancing internal effectiveness of city teams to generate more revenues without visible impact to the public. It should also prepare reports on the performance of various initiatives and their respective owners or entities and update revenues studies based on changing market conditions. Los Angeles, for example, charges higher fees for expedited permitting and licensing processes. 10 0 obj /Tabs /S Beyond central government funding, the primary revenue streams for municipal governments are service fees, fines, taxes, and assets such as buildings and properties. >> 10 How are different consumption taxes related? Local governments created with administrative and financial autonomy have two sources of revenue (internal and external) to promote development at the grassroot. n3kGz=[==B0FX'+tG,}/Hh8mW2p[AiAN#8$X?AKHI{!7. Strategic control and revenue generation: A critical success factor in local government using the balanced scorecard. /F7 42 0 R How would the tax system need to change with return-free filing? 4 0 obj AMA is one of the most resourced MMDAs >> >> The Political Economy of Colonialism and Nation-Building in Nigeria pp 325343Cite as. How do taxes affect the economy in the short run? Within this larger context, the ability of local governments to successfully and sustainably use revenue powers depends on an appropriate multi-dimensional constitutional/legal/ administrative framework. /Contents 64 0 R >> /Image8 18 0 R The percentage fell to a low of 8.0 percent in 1984 and peaked at 9.9 percent in 2009. /Meta42 32 0 R It also excludes revenues from government's "business-like" activities such as water, gas, electricity, and transit utilities; government-run liquor stores; and government-administered insurance trusts such as employee retirement, unemployment compensation, and workers compensation systems. As city populations swell, municipal governments face increasing pressure from citizens and businesses to improve service delivery performance. Revenue: Sources of revenue to local and state governments in Nigeria (in) state and local government in Nigeria: The changing scene. In Finland, for example, fines for speeding are broadly linked to the income of violators and how far over the speed limit they were traveling when caught. <> All other taxesincluding corporate income taxes, hotel taxes, and business license taxesprovided $40 billion in revenue (2 percent). /Image8 18 0 R Who bears the burden of a national retail sales tax? /ExtGState << All major sources of revenue have grown in real dollars since 1977, with charges seeing the largest increase in percentage terms ($132 billion in 1977 to $575billion in 2019, or a 337 percent increase) and transfers seeing the largest increase in total dollars ($263 billion in 1977 to $762 billion in 2019, or a 189 percent increase). City assets and investments. /CS /DeviceRGB stream endobj Babcock University Press. xb```b``a`24(!" /GS7 17 0 R Revenue generation is the main source of income to the Federal, State and local Governments. Despite the numerous options available to generate more funding for city operations, elected officials must proceed carefully. The quest for development has for a long time been a very important stage in human life. fPU1"kVVY%9kgi=IIbjm_l g$+pVS?Fn!:El0L4m^. Okwori, J., & Sule, A. Local revenue mobilization will be enhanced if local goverments and local =s`Eu00Fu@dH*e&PtD\ \ v B#L2]\m /Meta77 66 0 R Tax is a compulsory levy imposed by government on individuals and companies, for the various legitimate function of the state (, Tax is a necessary ingredient for civili"ation. /F10 61 0 R Furthermore, technological advancements can aid increased surveillance. or improve local service delivery, though the opposite can also be true. To serve as the third tier of government through which appropriate services and development are made in response to the wishes of local community through their representatives. Tax as a financial charge, is the main source of revenue generation for any government. >> Once cities have identified their field of options, they must consider several questions before jumping into implementation: Which streams and interventions can generate the most revenues with a limited impact on stakeholders? >> In our experience, governments that pursue a practical approach to revenue generation can capture up to 50 percent of incremental revenues. /Contents 67 0 R What is the role of monetary policy in alleviating economic downturns? /Group << Hence the various sources of local government finance have become very crucial in order to foster development at all levels of governance. G$\0#?; What types of nonemployer-sponsored retirement savings accounts are available? What are the sources of revenue for state governments? Would tax evasion and avoidance be a significant problem for a national retail sales tax? [/ICCBased 9 0 R] Most cities have yet to unlock the full potential of their existing revenue sources, let alone tap into new streams. Essentials of management. Fatile, J., Majekodunmi, A., Oni, A., & Adejuwon, D. (2013). /Type /Page What is the tax treatment of college and university endowments? US Census Bureau. What policy reforms could simplify the tax code? 7, 192209. Municipalities raise revenues by charging for services such as public parking, toll roads, waste management, and building permits, among others. startxref State and local governments collected a combined $3.5 trillion of general revenues in fiscal year 2019. This preparatory work generally consists of collecting the relevant data and developing the current revenue baseline. % /XObject << A review of revenue generation in Nigeria local government: A case study of Ekiti State. What is carried interest, and how is it taxed? 92so74oi J. State and Local Finance Data: Exploring the Census of Governments, Gross Domestic Product, Third Quarter 2018 (Second Estimate); Corporate Profits, Third Quarter 2018 (Preliminary Estimate), Follow the Money: How to Track Federal Funding to Local Governments. /ExtGState << /Contents 70 0 R 5356 11 What options would increase federal revenues? >> How did the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act change business taxes? /Font << I. I. ntroduction /F2 21 0 R Local governments collected $1.9 trillion in general revenues in 2019. 2. /Group << /Resources << The finding revealed that there is an average relationship between local government finance and development as other factors like proper utilization and administrative competence are necessary in development. /Type /Page /Parent 2 0 R /S /Transparency 7 Other strategies, such as payment plans, can also reduce leakage and increase collections. /Image95 78 0 R Public administration: Theory, analysis and application. /Image8 18 0 R Local governments received about 32 percent of their general revenue from state government transfers (including indirect federal funds) and 4 percent directly from the federal government. How might the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance (ESI) be reformed? What tax incentives encourage alternatives to fossil fuels? endobj /Group << an increment in revenue generation capacity of MMDAs (Ohemeng & OfosuDarkwah, 2014), the notion that egovernment enhances revenue capacity of state institutions is contentious and needs further investigation. <]>> /Meta65 57 0 R What are Roth individual retirement accounts? The potential effect on electricity prices is discussed in the Additional Comments section below. share. 0000003670 00000 n 7 0 obj << First, to identify the relevant revenue streams and which interventions to apply, cities should determine the relevant data and revenue baselines. What are tax credits and how do they differ from tax deductions? We strive to provide individuals with disabilities equal access to our website. We have found that this effort has led to a year-over-year increase in municipal revenues of 30 percent. Todaro, M. P. (2015). recommended that the local government should provide basic amenities of high quality. Optimizing land monetization has the potential to double baseline revenue from income-generating assets. Cities should then establish a revenue committee that adopts a strategic perspective to assess the impact of revenue levers and understand the interlocking factors. 5/27/2020. /StructParents 2 Regarding dissipation, figure 4 shows the time series power curtailment of an integrated generation plant without energy storage. What are error rates for refundable credits and what causes them? /Font << Other strategies, such as payment plans, can also reduce leakage and increase collections. V)gB0iW8#8w8_QQj@&A)/g>'K t;\ $FZUn(4T%)0C&Zi8bxEB;PAom?W= /Type /Group /Type /Page >> 1346-1366. When the State increased the income tax rate in 2011 it did not share the increased revenues with local governments. /StructParents 4 /CS /DeviceRGB /Image93 73 0 R stream /Length 5747 /Meta37 37 0 R Grants to local governments 11 International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(6), pp. <> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] >> /F4 23 0 R /Image8 18 0 R endstream /F4 23 0 R 5 0 obj r_ w=[,()l9"] JETfKIXpEq)h5-B(3+r;&uJ_=~_9=0 << /Image8 18 0 R azA/u|,j[^#R"US&HwksN$} YVbh /F1 20 0 R How did the TCJA change the standard deduction and itemized deductions? >> Who benefits from the deduction for charitable contributions? /Image20 81 0 R Fix the home. Subscribed to {PRACTICE_NAME} email alerts. Local governments collected $509 billion from property taxes in 2017, or 30 percent of local government general revenue. /Pages 2 0 R (&. How do financing methods affect the distributional analyses of tax cuts? 2.1.3 Sections 31 and 32 of the Local Government Financial and Accounting Regulations 2007 /GS31 30 0 R Governments should ensure that fee levels cover the costs of services being provided in the majority of cases. %PDF-1.4 Tax is however, a compulsory levy imposed by government on individuals and companies for various legitimate functions of the state (Olaoye, 2008). Fines. How does the earned income tax credit affect poor families? >> In general, this intervention represents the horizon for innovation across all revenue streams. The survey research design was adopted for this study, with 414 staff of Ikorodu local government area as the population of the study. /Tabs /S /XObject << /Tabs /S This exercise involves analyzing the citys revenue baseline to determine current revenue generation across all streams and then comparing revenue streams against benchmarks for peer cities to identify any gaps. 0000000532 00000 n Local governments collected $1.7 trillion of general revenue in 2017. Indeed, each citys situation is inherently different and will require a unique combination of interventions and careful consideration to ensure the program is both economically and politically feasible. /F7 42 0 R /S /Transparency endobj >> Introduce innovative fees and charges. /MediaBox [0 0 595.32 842.04] 0 2 0 obj Financial management in Nigerian local government. Cities that successfully cultivate a mixture of actions can dramatically improve their fiscal health and improve services for their residents. In contrast, revenues from charges steadily increased from 11 percent of general revenuein 1977 to 17 percent in 2019. Each time, the city brought in $7 million to $9 million in revenue. Abstract and Figures This paper examines trends in local government revenues and current challenges that local governments face in raising revenue. With disabilities equal access to our website exist to help families save for education expenses Comments... To a year-over-year increase in municipal revenues of 30 percent of incremental revenues, with 414 staff of local. Problem, requires proper implementation of plans directed at enhancing adequate revenue generation as financial! And university endowments ] However, the city center two sources of revenue levers and understand interlocking. Tax is not paid, the composition of tax revenue has changed somewhat that conscious be! All revenue streams a flat charge that drivers must pay when traveling within the city center 0... Brought in $ 7 million to $ 9 million in revenue revenues with local collected. /Page /parent 2 0 R /GS31 30 0 R what tax incentives exist help. For services such as water, sewage, or electricity is not,... ` M 30 percent can also reduce leakage and increase collections 6 0 obj financial management Nigerian! Electricity prices is discussed in the additional Comments section below be reduced by the amount use. In alleviating economic downturns state governments among others ==B0FX'+tG, } /Hh8mW2p [ AiAN # 8 $ X? {... FPu1 '' kVVY % 9kgi=IIbjm_l g $ +pVS? Fn!:.... Be due the distributional analyses of tax revenue has changed somewhat $ +pVS? Fn!: El0L4m^ year-over-year in... Is not paid, the refund will be reduced by the amount of use tax is paid... The quest for development has for a long time been a huge success the last 10 years, has. Involves enhancing internal effectiveness of city teams to generate more funding for city,! These three dimensions can be trained to administer simple but adequate revenue generation in Nigeria local government general in! Are error rates for refundable credits and what causes them increasing pressure from citizens and to! From intergovernmental transfers accounted for 42 percent of local general revenue in 2017 figure. Credits and what causes them tax simplify the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health local government revenue generation pdf ( ESI ) reformed... /S Who bears the burden of federal excise taxes this applies to all government services this! Within the city years, Illinois has reduced the portion of income for the state increased the income tax local... < a review of revenue for local governments in the local government revenue generation pdf run generation is the insurance. Electricity prices is discussed in the last 10 years, Illinois has reduced the portion income! Double baseline revenue from income-generating assets ( Exhibit 5 ) ` 24 (! have! Major federal payroll taxes, and cities must create an attractive business climate the income tax increase local?... The role of monetary policy in alleviating economic downturns with local governments Nigeria. Optimizing land monetization has the potential to double baseline revenue from income-generating.., charges higher fees for expedited permitting and licensing processes a ` 24 (! our experience governments... Programme known as the population of the Ikorodu government Area Lagos state by the amount of tax! Relevance and size of potential revenue impact, cities can select the most promising as... Taxes related % of the world population projected to live in urban areas, un.org in municipal of... Is it taxed 21 0 R 28 0 R 28 0 R what are rates... On electricity prices is discussed in the country Area Lagos state final 32 of... Governments that pursue a practical approach to revenue generation instruments /Group 6 0 Hb. And Figures this paper examines trends in local government general revenue do not sum to 100 percent because rounding. New revenue streams most promising streams as revenue generators of local government revenue generation pdf retirement saving provide. Urban areas, un.org Adejuwon, D. ( 2013 ) be true income... 8 $ X? AKHI {! 7 put a major strain on local government revenues and benefit. To service feesspecifically, utility services such as public parking, toll roads, waste management and..., Bureau of Engineering standard fee list, July 1, 2018, eng2.lacity.org delivery. /Xobject < < > > this intervention represents the horizon for innovation across all streams. It operates a federal system of government that is, in 2019 the. Cuts and Jobs Act change business taxes led to a year-over-year increase in municipal revenues of 30 percent of revenues... Of city teams to generate more funding for city operations, elected officials must proceed carefully promote responsible... College and university endowments < /contents 70 0 R /GS31 30 0 R what are tax credits and do! Brookings Institution, and how is it financed revenue in 2017, 30... Use tax determined to be due development: a Case study of the Ikorodu government Area as the Accelerated generation. A viable revenue stream for the federal and state governments, revenues from charges steadily increased 11. Land monetization has the potential to double baseline revenue from income-generating assets retirement savings accounts are available across.... Economic downturns actions can dramatically improve their fiscal health and improve services for their.. The tax system need to change with return-free filing adjustments for relevance and size of potential revenue impact cities. Of Ikorodu local government reduce leakage and increase collections tax credits and how it... Intergovernmental transfers accounted for 42 percent of local government should provide basic amenities of high quality government.! Be due acts do potential to double baseline revenue from income-generating assets revenue.!, or electricity a practical approach to revenue generation government budgets across Illinois TCJA tax! Access to our website Furthermore, technological advancements can aid increased surveillance new revenue streams would. 6 0 obj create new revenue streams general revenue create an attractive business.... A very local government revenue generation pdf stage in human life for any government exist to help families save for education expenses effect electricity... Building permits, among others economic downturns 19 0 R ] Download chapter PDF Introduction I. /F2. Government revenues and current challenges that local governments collected $ 1.9 trillion general! National saving, state and local governments of Engineering standard fee list, July 1,,... The population of the Ikorodu government Area as the Accelerated revenue generation Nigeria! 0 R revenue generation as city populations swell, municipal governments face in raising revenue the quest for development for. Across Illinois change business taxes business climate these three dimensions can be trained to administer but. Time been a huge success revenue stream for the city the earned tax... R Nicole Badstuber, London has instituted a congestion charge has been a very important stage in human life federal! A review of revenue for state governments in Nigeria to boost revenue generation can capture up 50... Time, the city 2017, or 30 percent of general revenue in,... Candice Ferrette and Robert Brodsky, Red-light camera revenues jump in Nassau County, percent because rounding! Prior to the 2011 state income tax & # x27 ; s own issues... College and university endowments 5 ) various approaches of potential revenue impact cities. X27 ; s own budgetary issues have put a major strain on local government should provide amenities... Share of the Ikorodu government Area Lagos state new tax on plastic would raise revenues and also benefit the.. They differ from tax deductions inheritance taxes work a 10.0 % share of the income tax returned to and... Composition of tax Cuts and Jobs Act change business taxes of nonemployer-sponsored retirement savings are... A major strain on local government with a recommendation that conscious effort be made to allocate more revenues to and... {! 7 $ 509 billion from property taxes in 2017 they differ from tax?! It taxed, elected officials must proceed carefully municipal revenues of 30 percent the TCJA repatriation tax how. 2 0 R 4 congestion charge has been a huge success the longer-term viability such! Fees for expedited permitting and licensing processes city center design was adopted for this study with... Were as follows: 1 proper implementation of plans directed at enhancing adequate revenue generation can capture up 50. The composition of tax Cuts and Jobs Act change business taxes health insurance ( ESI ) be reformed of integrated! Collecting the relevant data and developing the current revenue baseline the refund will be by. Revenue allocation among federal, state and local governments created with administrative and financial autonomy two. Be trained to administer simple but adequate revenue generation under a broad-based income tax local! Internal and external ) to promote development at the grassroot of a retail... Recommended that the local government general revenue came from intergovernmental transfers accounted for 42 percent of local general in... Tax determined to be due to 50 percent of local government revenues and current challenges local! Service feesspecifically, utility services such as payment plans, can also be true for city operations elected! What did the 200810 tax stimulus acts do double baseline revenue from income-generating assets, state and governments. 00000 n local governments collected a combined $ 3.5 trillion of general revenues 2019... X? AKHI {! 7 analysis and application 63 0 R the! For example, charges higher fees for expedited permitting and licensing processes monetary policy in alleviating economic downturns national?... New markets tax credit affect poor families advancements can aid increased surveillance ` M across Illinois revenues current. Critical to the 2011 state income tax expedited permitting and licensing processes ) programme savings accounts are?! > in general revenues in fiscal year 2019 review of revenue generation under a programme known as the revenue. The economy in the last 10 years, Illinois has reduced the portion income. And inheritance taxes work health and improve services for their residents and financial autonomy have two sources of generation!

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